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Shloka 16

सीताहरणोत्तरं लङ्काप्रवेशः

Sita’s Abduction and Ravana’s Entry into Lanka

या च वक्ष्यति वैदेहीं वचनं किञ्चिदप्रियम्।।।।अज्ञानाद्यदि वा ज्ञानान्न तस्या जीवितं प्रियम्।

yā ca vakṣyati vaidehīṃ vacanaṃ kiñcid apriyam |

ajñānād yadi vā jñānān na tasyā jīvitaṃ priyam ||

या च वैदेहीं किञ्चिदपि अप्रियं वचनं वक्ष्यति—अज्ञानात् वा ज्ञानात्—तस्या जीवितं न प्रियम्; सा न परिरक्ष्या।

whoever (she)
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; relative pronoun 'she who'
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamucchaya-nipāta
vakṣyatiwill say
vakṣyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormLuṭ (लुट्, Periphrastic Future) / simple future usage, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada
vaidehīmto Vaidehī (Sītā)
vaidehīm:
Sampradāna/Karma (सम्प्रदान/कर्म; addressee)
TypeNoun
Rootvaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
vacanama word/speech
vacanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvacana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
kiñciteven a little
kiñcit:
Pramāṇa (प्रमाण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
FormPramāṇa-avyaya (प्रमाण-अव्यय), 'even a little' (indeclinable quantifier)
apriyamunpleasant
apriyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-priya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies vacanam
ajñānātout of ignorance
ajñānāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roota-jñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Pañcamī, Ekavacana; hetu-ablative (cause)
yadiif
yadi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
FormŚarthe avyaya (शर्ते), conditional particle
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormVikalpa-nipāta, 'or'
jñānātknowingly
jñānāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Pañcamī, Ekavacana; hetu-ablative
nanot
na:
Niṣedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-nipāta
tasyāḥof her
tasyāḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; genitive of possession
jīvitamlife
jīvitam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; subject of implied 'bhavati'
priyamdear/allowed
priyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective with jīvitam

Whoever utters any unpleasant words knowingly or unknowingly to Sita, princess of Videha is not worthy to survive (must be killed).

R
Rāvaṇa
S
Sītā (Vaidehī)

FAQs

The verse shows a distortion of protection: true dharma protects without coercion, whereas adharma enforces compliance through fear and violence.

Rāvaṇa imposes strict rules on the demoness attendants, threatening death for any who distress Sītā verbally.

The implied virtue is compassionate speech (vāg-dharma); its importance is underscored by the extreme penalty threatened for violating it.