Shloka 13

Description of Continents, Oceans, Regions, and the Measure of the World

Devanagari script

तृतीयं सुरथं नाम चतुर्थं लंबनं स्मृतम् । धृतिमत्पंचमं वर्षं षष्ठं वर्षं प्रभाकरम्

Transliteration

tṛtīyaṃ surathaṃ nāma caturthaṃ laṃbanaṃ smṛtam | dhṛtimatpaṃcamaṃ varṣaṃ ṣaṣṭhaṃ varṣaṃ prabhākaram

Translation

तृतीयं सुरथं नाम, चतुर्थं लम्बनं स्मृतम्। पञ्चमं धृतिमद्वर्षं, षष्ठं प्रभाकरं तथा॥

Word by Word

• तृतीयम्: third
• तृतीयम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal adjective)

• सुरथम्: Suratha (name)
• सुरथम्: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; नाम (proper name)

• नाम: by name / called
• नाम: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नाम-प्रयोगे (particle indicating naming)

• चतुर्थम्: fourth
• चतुर्थम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण

• लंबनम्: Laṃbana (name)
• लंबनम्: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लंबन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; नाम (proper name)

• स्मृतम्: is stated/remembered
• स्मृतम्: Kriyā (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + त (क्त, कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे ‘is said/remembered’

• धृतिमत्-पंचमम्: the fifth (called) Dhṛtimat
• धृतिमत्-पंचमम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृतिमत् (प्रातिपदिक) + पंचम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; ‘धृतिमत्’ इति विशेषणेन ‘पंचम’ विशेष्यः

• वर्षम्: region/varṣa
• वर्षम्: Karma/Viṣaya (Object/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• षष्ठम्: sixth
• षष्ठम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण

• वर्षम्: region/varṣa
• वर्षम्: Karma/Viṣaya (Object/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• प्रभाकरम्: Prabhākara (name)
• प्रभाकरम्: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभाकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; नाम (proper name)

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative listing within Svargakhaṇḍa; speaker not identifiable from the single verse alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: धृतिमत्पंचमम् = धृतिमत् + पंचमम् (समास/सन्धि-लोप). अन्यत्र स्पष्टपदपाठः।

Characters & Entities

• Suratha
• Laṃbana
• Dhṛtimat
• Prabhākara

FAQs

What is being described in this verse of the Padma Purana?

It lists successive varṣas (named regions/divisions in Purāṇic cosmography), giving the third through sixth names: Suratha, Laṃbana, Dhṛtimat, and Prabhākara.

What does the term “varṣa” mean here?

In Purāṇic geographical/cosmological contexts, varṣa commonly denotes a major territorial division or region (not “rain” or “year” in this usage).

Is there a devotional or ethical teaching in this specific verse?

This particular verse is primarily catalog-like (a naming sequence) and does not directly state an ethical or bhakti teaching; its value is contextual, supporting the text’s broader cosmographical description.