Shloka 21

The Greatness of the Kāliṇdī (Yamunā): Merit of Bathing, Charity, and Faith

Devanagari script

जराशोक विपद्व्याप्तं रोगमंदिरमातुरम् । रागमूलमनित्यं च सर्वदोषसमाश्रयम्

Transliteration

jarāśoka vipadvyāptaṃ rogamaṃdiramāturam | rāgamūlamanityaṃ ca sarvadoṣasamāśrayam

Translation

जराशोकविपद्व्याप्तं रोगमन्दिरमातुरम् । रागमूलमनित्यं च सर्वदोषसमाश्रयम् ॥

Word by Word

• जराशोक: old-age and sorrow (related)
• जराशोक: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जराशोक (प्रातिपदिक; जरा + शोक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण-प्रयोग (adjectival use)

• विपद्-व्याप्तम्: pervaded by calamity
• विपद्-व्याप्तम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपद्-व्याप्त (प्रातिपदिक; विपद् + व्याप्त [क्त-प्रत्यय from √व्याप्])
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) from धातु √व्याप् (व्याप्त = pervaded)

• रोग-मन्दिरम्: a house of disease
• रोग-मन्दिरम्: कर्म/विषय (Object/Topic) (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोगमन्दिर (प्रातिपदिक; रोग + मन्दिर)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• आतुरम्: afflicted, sick
• आतुरम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आतुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण-प्रयोग

• राग-मूलम्: rooted in attachment/passion
• राग-मूलम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रागमूल (प्रातिपदिक; राग + मूल)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण-प्रयोग

• अनित्यम्: impermanent
• अनित्यम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनित्य (प्रातिपदिक; a-नित्य)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण-प्रयोग

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector) (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सर्व-दोष-समाश्रयम्: a resort/abode of all faults
• सर्व-दोष-समाश्रयम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier) (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वदोषसमाश्रय (प्रातिपदिक; सर्व + दोष + समाश्रय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण-प्रयोग

Speaker

Not specified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses to identify the dialogue pair).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: विपद्व्याप्तम् = विपद् + व्याप्तम्; रोगमंदिरमातुरम् = रोगमन्दिरम् + आतुरम्; रागमूलमनित्यम् = रागमूलम् + अनित्यम्; सर्वदोषसमाश्रयम् = सर्व + दोष + समाश्रयम् (समास).

FAQs

What is the central teaching of this verse?

It presents the body as impermanent and inherently afflicted—pervaded by aging, sorrow, misfortune, and disease—urging detachment from attachment (rāga) as the root of bondage.

How does the verse describe the human body metaphorically?

It calls the body a “roga-mandira,” a house or abode of disease, emphasizing that bodily existence naturally becomes a seat of suffering and defects.

What ethical or practical lesson follows from this view?

Recognizing the body’s instability and fault-prone nature encourages humility, self-discipline, and a turn toward spiritual aims (dharma, devotion, or liberation) rather than obsessive bodily or sensual pursuits.