Shloka 6
Adhyaya 81 — Suratha and Samadhi Seek Sage Medhas; Introduction to Mahamaya and the Madhukaitabha Origin Account
Sanskrit
ततः स्वपुरमायातो निजदेशाधिपोऽभवत् ।
आक्रान्तः स महाभागस्तैस्तदा प्रबलारिभिः ॥
Transliteration
tataḥ svapuram āyāto nija-deśādhipo ’bhavat |
ākrāntaḥ sa mahā-bhāgas tais tadā prabala-aribhiḥ ||
Translation
अथ स स्वपुरं प्रत्यागत्य स्वदेशस्यैव नृपतिरभवत्; तदा स भाग्यवान् राजा तैः प्रबलशत्रुभिरभिभूतः।
Word by Word
tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
sva-puramhis own city
sva-puram:
Karma (कर्म) (goal of motion)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + pura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; karmadhāraya: 'own city'
āyātaḥhaving come
āyātaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (participle qualifying saḥ)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√yā (या, धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'having come/arrived'
nija-deśa-adhipaḥthe ruler of his own land
nija-deśa-adhipaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominative with abhavat)
TypeNoun
Rootnija (प्रातिपदिक) + deśa (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'lord of (his) own country'
abhavatbecame/was
abhavat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
ākrāntaḥoverrun, attacked
ākrāntaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया) (passive predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√kram (क्रम्, धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'overrun/attacked'
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karma/Karta (कर्म/कर्ता) (patient in passive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
mahā-bhāgaḥthe noble one
mahā-bhāgaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of saḥ
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; karmadhāraya: 'greatly fortunate/noble'
taiḥby them
taiḥ:
Kartṛ (कर्ता) in passive
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
tadāat that time
tadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, temporal adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
prabala-aribhiḥby powerful enemies
prabala-aribhiḥ:
Kartṛ (कर्ता) in passive (agent)
TypeNoun
Rootprabala (प्रातिपदिक) + ari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural; karmadhāraya: 'strong enemies'
Speakers
Narrator within the Devi Mahatmyam frame
Key Themes
Contraction of sovereigntyPolitical instabilitySuffering as catalyst for spiritual inquiry
FAQs
Status and territory are impermanent; when outer supports shrink, the person is driven to examine what truly belongs to the self.
Vaṃśānucarita: narrative of a king’s decline used as a moral-spiritual preface to the Goddess teaching.
The ‘kingdom narrowing’ mirrors the ego’s contraction under adversity, preparing receptivity to śakti (transformative power).