Shloka 41

Adhyaya 81 — Suratha and Samadhi Seek Sage Medhas; Introduction to Mahamaya and the Madhukaitabha Origin Account

Sanskrit

तन्नात्र विस्मयः कार्यो योगनिद्रा जगत्पतेः ।

महामाया हरेश्चैतत्तथा संमोह्यते जगत् ॥

Transliteration

tan nātra vismayaḥ kāryo yoganidrā jagatpateḥ / mahāmāyā hareś caitat tathā saṃmohyate jagat

Translation

तस्मादत्र न विस्मयः—एषा जगदीशस्य योगनिद्रा; एषा हरेर्महामाया; तया सर्वं जगन्मूढम्।

Word by Word

• tat: therefore/that
• tat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन) used deictically ‘that/therefore’

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• atra: here/in this
• atra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय) ‘here/in this matter’

• vismayaḥ: wonder
• vismayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vismaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kāryaḥ: should be (done)
• kāryaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/necessity)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक; gerundive/कृत्य-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Gerundive (कृत्य/तव्यत्-भाव), Masculine Nominative Singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), predicative with vismayaḥ: ‘to be done/appropriate’

• yoga-nidrā: Yoganidrā
• yoga-nidrā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक) + nidrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa ‘yogic sleep’

• jagat-pateḥ: of the Lord of the world
• jagat-pateḥ: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa ‘of the Lord of the world’

• mahā-māyā: Mahāmāyā
• mahā-māyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + māyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Karmadhāraya ‘the great Māyā’

• hareḥ: of Hari (Viṣṇu)
• hareḥ: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (एतद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन)

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) ‘thus/in that way’

• saṃmohyate: is deluded
• saṃmohyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√muh (सम् + मुह् धातु)
• Form: Present indicative (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Passive/impersonal sense ‘is deluded’

• jagat: the world
• jagat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Ṛṣi speaking

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Mahāmāyā / Yoganidrā)
• Viṣṇu (Hari, Jagatpati)

Shakti Aspects

• Yoganidrā; Mahāmāyā (explicitly identified with Hari’s power)

Key Themes

• Yoganidrā
• Mahāmāyā
• Divine delusion
• Theology of Śakti-Viṣṇu relation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Delusion is not merely personal failure; it is a cosmic condition under divine māyā. The practical response is sādhana: devotion to Devī, self-discipline, and cultivation of insight rather than despair or blame.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Theological exposition within the Māhātmya; it frames cosmic functioning (world-delusion) but remains outside the formal pañcalakṣaṇa headings.

What is the esoteric significance?

Yoganidrā is the veiling power enabling manifestation and dissolution; it is Śakti at rest and in control of the guṇas. Identifying Mahāmāyā as ‘of Hari’ signals inseparability of Śakti and the Lord in cosmic governance.