Shloka 57

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

यथैवाम्रफलं ध्यायेत् तृष्णार्तो रसनेंद्रिये ।

यस्मिन् यस्मिन् रुजा देहे तस्मिंस्तदुपकारिणी ॥

Transliteration

yathaivāmraphalaṃ dhyāyet tṛṣṇārto rasanendriye /

yasmin yasmin rujā dehe tasmiṃs tad-upakāriṇīm //

Translation

यथा तृषार्तो नरः स्वादेन्द्रियेण आम्रफलमेव चिन्तयति, तथा देहे यत्र यत्र पीडा भवति तत्र तत्र तस्यैव देशाय हितकरं विशिष्टमुपायं ध्याने धारयेत्।

Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable of manner/comparison)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• आम्रफलम्: mango-fruit
• आम्रफलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आम्र + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative: 'mango's fruit')

• ध्यायेत्: should meditate/visualize
• ध्यायेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्यै (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• तृष्णा-आर्तः: one afflicted by thirst
• तृष्णा-आर्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृष्णा + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (instrumental/causal sense: 'afflicted by thirst')

• रसनेन्द्रिये: in the organ of taste (tongue)
• रसनेन्द्रिये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रसना + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('tongue-sense', i.e., organ of taste)

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• यस्मिन्: in whichever (place)
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition: 'wherever')

• रुजा: pain
• रुजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुज्/रुजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• देहे: in the body
• देहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन

• तस्मिन्: in that (place)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• तत्: that (remedy/thing)
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक

• उपकारिणीम्: helpful/beneficial
• उपकारिणीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied धारणा/भावना)

Speakers

• Instructional discourse within Jaḍopākhyāna (yoga-teaching voice addressing the king)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dhāraṇā
• Mind-body discipline
• Therapeutic visualization

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Attention (citta) can be deliberately directed: as craving fixes the mind on an object, a yogin can fix the mind on a corrective principle suited to the afflicted bodily locus, cultivating mastery over reactive sensation.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is not pancalakṣaṇa material (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita); it belongs to upaśikṣā—practical yogic instruction embedded in the Purāṇic narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse hints at a correspondence principle: specific mental forms (saṅkalpa/dhāraṇā) are matched to specific bodily disturbances, implying a subtle-body mapping where cognition can modulate prāṇic flow.