Adhyaya 14 — The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments
चिराद् गुरुतरं तद्वन् महान्तमपि कालजम् ।
एवं च सुखदुःखानि पुण्यापुण्योद्भवानि वै ॥
cirād gurutaraṃ tadvan mahāntam api kālajam / evaṃ ca sukhaduḥkhāni puṇyāpuṇyodbhavāni vai
कालेन तदेव तथा गुरुतरं भवति, कालप्रवाहेण महत्त्वं च गच्छति; अतः सुखदुःखे पुण्यपापाभ्यां नूनं प्रादुर्भवतः।
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Karma ripens with time; small causes can mature into strong effects. Pleasure and pain are traced to moral causality rather than randomness.
Didactic ethics (dharma-upadeśa), not one of the five purāṇic lakṣaṇas.
‘Time-born’ (kālaja) suggests that the subtle seed of action remains latent and ripens when conditions converge—an implicit theory of saṃskāra and karmic latency.