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Shloka 316

Draupadī’s Instruction on Marital Conduct and Household Discipline (चित्तग्रहण-उपदेश)

एक एवैष भगवान्‌ विज्ञेय: प्रथमो5जड्लिरा: ३१ ।। बहुधा निःसृतः कायाज्ज्योतिष्टोम: क्रतुर्यथा । ये प्रथम भगवान्‌ अग्नि, जिन्हें अंगिरा भी कहते हैं, एक ही हैं, ऐसा जानना चाहिये। जैसे ज्योतिष्टोम यज्ञ उद्धिद्‌ आदि अनेक रूपोंमें प्रकट हुआ है, उसी प्रकार एक ही अग्नितत्त्व प्रजापतिके शरीरसे विविध रूपोंमें उत्पन्न हुआ है

eka evaiṣa bhagavān vijñeyaḥ prathamo 'ṅgirāḥ | bahudhā niḥsṛtaḥ kāyāj jyotiṣṭomaḥ kratur yathā ||

मार्कण्डेय उवाच—एष भगवान् अग्निः प्रथमोऽङ्गिरा इति च प्रसिद्धः, एक एव विज्ञेयः। स तु यथा ज्योतिष्टोमः क्रतुरेकः बहुधा प्रवर्तते, तथा प्रजापतेः कायादेकमेवाग्नितत्त्वं निःसृत्य नानारूपेण प्रादुर्भूतम्।

एकःone (single)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the blessed lord; venerable one
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विज्ञेयःto be known; should be understood
विज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive sense
प्रथमःfirst; primordial
प्रथमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अङ्गिराःAngiras (name/epithet)
अङ्गिराः:
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुधाin many ways; manifoldly
बहुधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
निःसृतःgone forth; emerged
निःसृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनिः-सृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive/participial
कायात्from the body
कायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
ज्योतिष्टोमःthe Jyotiṣṭoma (soma-sacrifice)
ज्योतिष्टोमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिष्टोम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रतुःsacrifice; rite
क्रतुः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
A
Agni
A
Aṅgirā (epithet/name)
J
Jyotiṣṭoma (sacrifice)
K
Kratu (sacrificial rite)
P
Prajāpati

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches unity behind multiplicity: Agni is fundamentally one divine principle, though he appears in many forms and functions—just as one sacrificial archetype (Jyotiṣṭoma) can be expressed through varied ritual configurations.

Mārkaṇḍeya instructs the listener about Agni’s true nature, identifying him as the primordial Lord called Aṅgirā, and explains—through the analogy of the Jyotiṣṭoma sacrifice—how diverse manifestations can arise from a single source (here, from Prajāpati).