Mahabharata 9.40.3 — Shalya Parva, Adhyaya 40, Shloka 3
Baka Dālbhya at Avakīrṇa-tīrtha: Rāṣṭra-kṣaya and Release through Prasāda (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 40)
Devanagari script
वैशग्पायन उवाच पुरा कृतयुगे राजन्नार्टिषेणो द्विजोत्तम: । वसन् गुरुकुले नित्यं नित्यमध्ययने रत:
Translation
वैशम्पायन उवाच—पुरा कृतयुगे राजन्, आर्तिषेणो द्विजोत्तमः। वसन् गुरुकुले नित्यं नित्यमध्ययने रतः॥
Word by Word
वैशम्पायनःVaishampayana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुराformerly, long ago
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
कृतयुगेin the Krita-yuga (Satya-yuga)
कृतयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आर्तिषेणःArtishena (proper name)
आर्तिषेणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्तिषेण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजोत्तमःthe best of the twice-born (excellent Brahmin)
द्विजोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वसन्dwelling, residing
वसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरुकुलेin the teacher's household (gurukula)
गुरुकुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नित्यम्always, constantly
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
नित्यम्continually
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
अध्ययनेin study (recitation/learning)
अध्ययने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअध्ययन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतःengaged, devoted
रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशग्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
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