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Shloka 10

अध्याय ९१ — शैनेयस्य गजानीकभेदनं जलसंधवधश्च

Chapter 91: Sātyaki breaks the elephant array and slays Jalasaṃdha

शिरसां पततां राजन्‌ शब्दो5भूद्‌ वसुधातले । कालेन परिपकवानां तालानां पततामिव,राजन्‌! कालसे परिपक्व हुए ताड़के फलोंके पृथ्वीपर गिरनेसे जैसा शब्द होता है, उसी प्रकार रणभूमिमें कटकर गिरते हुए योद्धाओंके मस्तकोंका शब्द होता था

sañjaya uvāca |

śirasāṃ patatāṃ rājan śabdo 'bhūd vasudhātale |

kālena paripakvānāṃ tālānāṃ patatām iva rājan ||

शिरसां पततां राजन् शब्दोऽभूद् वसुधातले । कालेन परिपक्वानां तालानां पततामिव ॥

शिरसाम्of heads
शिरसाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
पतताम्of (those) falling
पतताम्:
Visheshana
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Neuter, Genitive, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शब्दःsound, noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्arose, occurred
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वसुधातलेon the surface of the earth
वसुधातले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवसुधा-तल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कालेनby time; in due course
कालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परिपक्वानाम्of fully ripened
परिपक्वानाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-पक्व
Formक्त (past passive participle) used adjectivally, Masculine, Genitive, Plural
तालानाम्of palmyra trees (tāla)
तालानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootताल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पतताम्of (those) falling
पतताम्:
Visheshana
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
V
vasudhā (earth/ground)
T
tāla (palm tree/palm fruit)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the relentless, time-driven inevitability (kāla) with which death occurs in war, using a natural simile (ripened palm fruits falling). It invites reflection on the ethical gravity of violence: even when events seem 'inevitable,' the suffering and moral cost remain real.

Sañjaya describes to the king the battlefield sound produced as warriors’ severed heads fall to the ground, comparing it to the sound of ripe palm fruits dropping in season.