Shloka 20
अध्याय ७१ — द्रोणव्यूहरक्षा तथा समकालीन द्वन्द्वयुद्धानि
Protection of Droṇa’s formation and parallel duels
Devanagari script
एतद् बुद्ध्वा बुधा: शोक॑ न शोक: शोक उच्यते,यही सब सोच-समझकर ज्ञानवान् पुरुष शोक नहीं करते हैं। शोकको शोक नहीं कहते हैं (उसका अनुभव करनेवाला मन ही शोकरूप होता है)
Transliteration
etad buddhvā budhāḥ śokaṃ na śokāḥ; śokaḥ śoka ucyate
Translation
एतद् बुद्ध्वा बुधा: शोकं न शोक: शोक उच्यते ॥
Word by Word
एतत्this (fact)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
बुधाःthe wise (men)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
शोकेin/with regard to grief
शोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
Formmasculine, locative, singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
शोचन्तिthey grieve
शोचन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
Formpresent, indicative, parasmaipada, third, plural
शोकःgrief
शोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शोकःgrief
शोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उच्यतेis called/said
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formpresent, indicative, ātmanepada (passive), third, singular
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VyāsaDharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
True understanding dissolves grief: the wise recognize that sorrow is a mental construction arising from delusion and attachment, not an unavoidable reality to be obeyed.
Vyāsa speaks in a consolatory, instructive tone, reframing sorrow as a state of mind and urging a perspective grounded in discernment rather than lamentation amid the pressures of the war narrative.