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Shloka 19

Cakravyūha-saṃkalpaḥ, Saṃśaptaka-āhvānaṃ, Saubhadra-vikrīḍitam

Drona Parva, Adhyāya 32

हन्ति स्मात्र पिता पुत्र रथेनाभ्येत्य संयुगे

hanti smātra pitā putra rathenābhyetya saṃyuge

सञ्जय उवाच—संयुगे रथेनाभ्येत्य पिता स्म पुत्रं जघान; युद्धवेगेन स्वाभाविकाः स्नेहबन्धाः अपि व्यत्ययमापद्यन्ते, धर्ममर्यादा च परीक्ष्यते।

हन्तिkills/strikes
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (हिंसागत्योः)
FormLat, Present (Vartamana), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्मindeed/just (emphatic particle; often with past narration)
स्म:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथेनwith/by a chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्येत्यhaving approached/coming up to
अभ्येत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ (एति)
FormAbsolutive (Tumun/ktvā-anta), abhyetya, Active (kartari)
संयुगेin battle/in combat
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
F
father
S
son
C
chariot
B
battle (saṃyuga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral rupture caused by war: even the most fundamental relationship—father and son—can be overridden by the compulsions of battle and perceived duty. It invites reflection on dharma under extreme conditions and the ethical cost of violence.

Sañjaya reports a battlefield incident in which a father, advancing in his chariot, attacks and slays his own son amid the fighting, emphasizing the intensity and indiscriminate tragedy of the conflict.