Shloka 5
Devanagari script
स तै: परिवृतो राजा त्रस्तैः क्षुद्रमृुगैरिव । अशवनुवन्नवस्थातुमपायात् तनयस्तव,डरे हुए क्षुद्र मृगोंके समान उन सैनिकोंसे घिरा हुआ आपका पुत्र राजा दुर्योधन वहाँ खड़ा न रह सका। वह भागकर अन्यत्र चला गया
Transliteration
sa taiḥ parivṛto rājā trastaiḥ kṣudra-mṛgair iva | aśaknuvan avasthātum apāyāt tanayas tava ||
Translation
स तैः परिवृतो राजा त्रस्तैः क्षुद्रमृगैरिव । नाशक्नोदवस्थातुं तत्रापायात् तव तनयः ॥
Word by Word
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैःby them / with them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
परिवृतःsurrounded
परिवृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-वृत (वृ धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रस्तैःfrightened
त्रस्तैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त (त्रस् धातु, क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
क्षुद्र-मृगैःby small animals/deer
क्षुद्र-मृगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्र + मृग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अशकत्was able
अशकत्:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अवस्थातुम्to stand / to remain
अवस्थातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-स्था (स्था धातु) तुमुन्
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अपायात्went away / fled
अपायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-या
FormImperfect (past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तनयःson
तनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजयध
धृतराष्ट्रद
दुर्योधनक
कौरव-सैनिकाः (implied troops)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how fear and loss of composure can defeat even a king’s resolve; leadership in war demands steadiness, and when morale collapses, one may abandon one’s duty and position.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana, surrounded by troops and unable to hold his ground, could not remain there and fled to another place.