Shloka 48

दुर्योधन–द्रोणसंवादः

Arjuna-vīrya-prasaṃśā and renewed battle formation

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच एवमुक्तस्तु राधेय: प्रहसन्‌ भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca evam uktas tu rādheyaḥ prahasan bharatarṣabha

Translation

संजय उवाच—एवमुक्तस्तु राधेयः प्रहसन् भरतर्षभ।

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• उक्तः: addressed; spoken to
• उक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• राधेयः: Radheya (Karna)
• राधेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रहसन्: laughing; smiling
• प्रहसन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-हस्
• Form: Present (Shatru participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)
• भरतर्षभ: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Rādheya (Karṇa)
• Bharatarṣabha (epithet of Dhṛtarāṣṭra / Bharata lineage)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how inner disposition is revealed through response: laughter here suggests pride or contempt, reminding readers that in dharmic crises, one’s reactions to counsel or challenge carry ethical weight and foreshadow choices in action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Karṇa, having been addressed (by the preceding speaker), responds by laughing—an immediate emotional and rhetorical reaction that sets the tone for the next exchange amid the Drona Parva’s escalating battle tensions.