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Shloka 8

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणाभिमुख्यं तथा सात्यकि-कर्ण-समागमः

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s advance toward Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Karṇa confrontation

न प्रमत्ताय भीताय विरथाय प्रयाचते । व्यसने वर्तमानाय प्रहरन्ति मनस्विन:,मनस्वी पुरुष असावधान, डरे हुए, रथहीन, प्राणों-की भिक्षा माँगनेवाले तथा संकटमें पड़े हुए मनुष्यपर प्रहार नहीं करते हैं

na pramattāya bhītāya virathāya prayācate | vyasane vartamānāya praharanti manasvinaḥ ||

न प्रमत्ताय भीताय विरथाय प्रयाचते । व्यसने वर्तमानाय प्रहरन्ति मनस्विनः ॥

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रमत्तायto one who is heedless/careless
प्रमत्ताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
भीतायto one who is afraid
भीताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
विरथायto one without a chariot (disarmed/without vehicle)
विरथाय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्रयाचतेbegs/implores
प्रयाचते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-याच्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
व्यसनेin calamity/distress
व्यसने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानायto one who is situated/engaged (in that state)
वर्तमानाय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्रहरन्तिstrike/attack
प्रहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
मनस्विनःhigh-minded/noble persons
मनस्विनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भूरिश्रवा उवाच

B
Bhūriśravā

Educational Q&A

The verse states a principle of dharma-yuddha: a noble warrior should not attack an opponent who is defenseless or morally protected by circumstance—such as being off-guard, frightened, without a chariot, pleading for life, or already overwhelmed by disaster. Honor in battle is measured by restraint as much as by strength.

Bhūriśravā articulates battlefield ethics at a tense moment in the Drona Parva, invoking accepted norms of fair combat. His statement functions as a moral claim about when striking an enemy becomes adharma—especially when the opponent is disadvantaged (like being viratha) or seeking mercy.