Shloka 120
Adhyāya 141 — Night duels: Śaineya and Bhūriśravas; Droṇi and Ghaṭotkaca; Bhīma and Duryodhana
Devanagari script
स तु मत्तगजाकीर्णमनीकं रथसंकुलम्
Transliteration
sa tu mattagajā-kīrṇam anīkaṁ ratha-saṅkulam
Translation
स तु मत्तगजाकीर्णम् अनीकं रथसंकुलम् । बभूव रणमध्ये तत्र निघ्नतां घोरनिस्वनम् ॥
Word by Word
सःhe/that (man)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मत्तगजाकीर्णम्filled/strewn with intoxicated elephants
मत्तगजाकीर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्तगजाकीर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनीकम्army/host
अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथसंकुलम्crowded with chariots
रथसंकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरथसंकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)ग
गज (elephants)र
रथ (chariots)अ
अनीक (battle-array/army formation)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores how war rapidly turns into congestion and loss of control: maddened elephants and tightly packed chariots symbolize force without restraint, warning that violence tends to eclipse order and discernment.
Sañjaya describes the battlefield formation as densely packed—overrun with rutting elephants and crowded with chariots—setting a scene of intense, chaotic combat conditions.