Shloka 34

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

Devanagari script

शतशकश्षापरान्‌ योधान्‌ सद्दिपांश्व रथान्‌ रणे

Transliteration

śataśaḥ śāparān yodhān saddīpāṃś ca rathān raṇe

Translation

सञ्जय उवाच— तत्र रणे शतशः शूरा योधाः सन्ति, प्रदीप्तदीपांश्च रथान् अपश्याम।

Word by Word

• शतशः: by hundreds; in hundreds
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस्
• Form: Avyaya (adverb)

• शापरान्: cursed
• शापरान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शापर
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• योधान्: warriors
• योधान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• सद्दीपान्: well-lit; brightly blazing
• सद्दीपान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सद्दीप
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, locative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• warriors (yodha)
• chariots (ratha)
• battle (raṇa)
• lamps/lights (dīpa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse primarily functions as battlefield reportage: it emphasizes the vast scale and intensity of war. Ethically, such imagery underscores how conflict multiplies agents of harm and amplifies suffering, inviting reflection on the cost of adharma-driven warfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is describing the scene of combat to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, highlighting the presence of innumerable warriors and chariots—some marked by visible lights—conveying the density and tumult of the fighting.