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Shloka 13

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 125: Duryodhana’s despair and vow after Jayadratha’s fall (जयद्रथवधे दुर्योधनविलापः)

ते तु तं रथवंशेन महता पर्यवारयन्‌

te tu taṃ rathavaṃśena mahatā paryavārayan

सञ्जय उवाच—ते तु महता रथव्यूहेन तं सर्वतोऽभ्यवारयन्, एकं वीरं बहुभिः समवायेन निग्रहीतुं कृतनिश्चयाः।

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथवंशेनwith the chariot-pole (chariot-shaft)
रथवंशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथवंश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat/large
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded/encircled
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे/आवरणे)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
रथ (chariots)
रथवंश (chariot formation/barricade)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical tension in epic warfare: when a single formidable warrior cannot be checked by equal duel, opponents resort to collective tactics and formations. It invites reflection on kṣatriya ideals of fair combat versus the practical demands of victory and survival.

A group of warriors closes in around one targeted fighter, forming a large chariot-array (a barricade-like formation) to restrict his movement and isolate him within the battle.