Shloka 12

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 125: Duryodhana’s despair and vow after Jayadratha’s fall (जयद्रथवधे दुर्योधनविलापः)

Devanagari script

तेडगच्छन्‌ युयुधानस्य समीपं क्रूरकर्मण:

Transliteration

teḍagacchan yuyudhānasya samīpaṁ krūrakarmaṇaḥ

Translation

सञ्जय उवाच—ते क्रूरकर्मणो युयुधानस्य समीपं जग्मुः, वैरभावेन समभ्युपेत्य रणस्य घोरवेगेन संनद्धाः।

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अगच्छन्: went
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural

• युयुधानस्य: of Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: युयुधान
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• समीपम्: near; vicinity
• समीपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समीप
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• क्रूरकर्मणः: of the cruel-doer; of one of cruel deeds
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: क्रूरकर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line underscores how war compresses moral space: warriors are identified by the harshness of their deeds, and movement toward an opponent signals escalating violence where ethical restraint is under strain.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that a group of fighters advances toward Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki), drawing close to engage him in combat, emphasizing the ferocity of the approaching action.