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Shloka 54

द्रोणाचार्यका यह वचन सुनकर सारथिने सम्पूर्ण शस्त्रधारियोंमें श्रेष्ठ द्रोणसे इस प्रकार कहा--'आयुष्मन्‌! कौरव-सेना चारों ओर भाग रही है। देखिये, रणक्षेत्रमें वे सब योद्धा व्यूह-भंग करके इधर-उधर दौड़ रहे हैं ।। इमे च संहता: शूरा: पञ्चाला: पाण्डवै: सह । त्वामेव हि जिघांसन्त आद्रवन्ति समन्‍्तत:,'ये पाण्डवोंसहित पांचाल वीर संगठित हो आपको मार डालनेकी इच्छासे सब ओरसे आपपर ही आक्रमण कर रहे हैं

sañjaya uvāca | droṇācāryakā yaḥ vacana sunakara sārathine sampūrṇa śastradhārīyoṃ meṃ śreṣṭha droṇase isa prakāra kahā— “āyuṣman! kaurava-senā cāroṃ ora bhāga rahī hai. dekhiye, raṇakṣetramēṃ ve saba yoddhā vyūha-bhaṅga karake idhara-udhara dauṛa rahe haiṃ. || ime ca saṃhatāḥ śūrāḥ pañcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha | tvām eva hi jighāṃsanta ādravanti samantataḥ ||”

सञ्जय उवाच—तच्छ्रुत्वा सारथिर्द्रोणं सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरम् इदं वचनमब्रवीत्—“आयुष्मन्, कौरवसेना सर्वतः पलायते। पश्य रणाङ्गणे व्यूहभङ्गं कृत्वा योधाः सर्वे इतस्ततः धावन्ति। इमे च संहताः शूराः पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सह, त्वामेव जिघांसन्तः सर्वतोऽभ्यद्रवन्ति।”

इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संहताःassembled, united
संहताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंहत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूराःheroes, warriors
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवैःwith/by the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
जिघांसन्तिthey desire to kill
जिघांसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
आद्रवन्तिthey run/charge
आद्रवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
समन्ततःon all sides, all around
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Drona (Dronacharya)
C
charioteer (sārathi)
K
Kaurava army
P
Panchalas
P
Pandavas
B
battlefield (raṇakṣetra)
B
battle formation (vyūha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethical tension: when an army loses cohesion (vyūha-bhaṅga), even great commanders become vulnerable, and collective resolve can concentrate on a single target. It underscores the moral and strategic weight borne by leaders in war—how the collapse of order magnifies peril and forces decisive choices.

Sanjaya reports that Drona’s charioteer warns him: the Kaurava forces are scattering in panic with their formation broken, while the Panchala warriors, joined with the Pandavas, have formed a united front and are charging from all sides specifically to kill Drona.