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Shloka 31

Duryodhana Seeks Droṇa’s Counsel; Imperative to Protect Jayadratha; Pāñcāla Assault on Duryodhana

दुर्योधनं च बाणाभ्यां तीक्ष्णाभ्यां विरथीकृतम्‌ । आविषध्यद्धस्ततलयोरुभयोरर्जुनस्तदा

duryodhanaṃ ca bāṇābhyāṃ tīkṣṇābhyāṃ virathīkṛtam | āviṣadhyaddhastatalayorubhayor arjunas tadā ||

दुर्योधनं च बाणाभ्यां तीक्ष्णाभ्यां विरथीकृतम् । आविध्यद्धस्ततलयोरुभयोरर्जुनस्तदा ॥

दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana (as object)
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बाणाभ्याम्with two arrows
बाणाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
तीक्ष्णाभ्याम्sharp (two)
तीक्ष्णाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
विरथीकृतम्made chariotless / deprived of his chariot
विरथीकृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootविरथीकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
आविषध्यत्he pierced / struck
आविषध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + विषध्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हस्ततलयोःof (his) two palms
हस्ततलयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ततल
FormNeuter, Genitive, Dual
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
D
Duryodhana
B
bāṇa (arrows)
R
ratha (chariot, implied by virathīkṛta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic where skill is used to neutralize an opponent’s ability to continue fighting (making him chariotless and injuring the palms), underscoring disciplined martial conduct and tactical restraint within kṣatriya-dharma.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna first renders Duryodhana chariotless with two sharp arrows and then pierces both of Duryodhana’s palms, further disabling him in the ongoing combat of the Droṇa Parva.