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Shloka 43

द्रोणेन केकय-चेदि-वीरवधः

Droṇa’s engagements with the Kekayas and Cedis

तमेकं॑ रथवंशेन महता पर्यवारयन्‌ । विकर्षन्तश्न॒ चापानि विसृजन्तश्न॒ सायकान्‌,उन सबने महान्‌ रथसमूहके द्वारा एकमात्र अर्जुनको चारों ओर घेर लिया। वे सब-के- सब धनुष खींचते और उनके ऊपर बाणोंकी वर्षा करते थे

tam ekaṁ rathavaṁśena mahatā paryavārayan | vikarṣantaś ca cāpāni visṛjantaś ca sāyakān ||

तमेकं रथवंशेन महता पर्यवारयन्। विकर्षन्तश्च चापानि विसृजन्तश्च सायकान्॥

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकम्alone, single
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथवंशेनwith a line/array of chariots
रथवंशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथवंश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat, huge
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded, enclosed
पर्यवारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + अव + √वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural
विकर्षन्तःdrawing (back), pulling
विकर्षन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √कृष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Śatṛ (present active participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चापानिbows
चापानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विसृजन्तःreleasing, discharging
विसृजन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √सृज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Śatṛ (present active participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सायकान्arrows
सायकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसायक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
C
chariots
B
bows
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of war: collective force is marshalled to overwhelm a single heroic opponent, underscoring both the harshness of battlefield dharma and the ideal of steadfast courage when one faces many.

Sañjaya reports that a large group of warriors in a chariot-array encircles Arjuna. They draw their bows and shower him with arrows, attempting to contain and crush him through coordinated attack.