Shloka 30

भीष्मस्य भीमसेन-निरोधः

Bhīṣma checks Bhīmasena; matched engagements intensify

Devanagari script

पितामहं महाप्राज्ञं विनयेनोपगम्य ह । यदब्रवीत्‌ सुतस्ते5सौ तन्मे शृणु जनेश्वर

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | pitāmahaṃ mahāprājñaṃ vinayenopagamya ha | yad abravīt sutas te 'sau tan me śṛṇu janeśvara ||

Translation

सञ्जय उवाच— पितामहं महाप्राज्ञं विनयेनोपगम्य ह । यदब्रवीत् सुतस्तेऽसौ तन्मे शृणु जनेश्वर ॥

Word by Word

• पितामहम्: the grandsire (Bhishma)
• पितामहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महाप्राज्ञम्: very wise
• महाप्राज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाप्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विनयेन: with humility
• विनयेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• उपगम्य: having approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-गम्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• ह: indeed/for emphasis
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ते: your (of you)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular, 2nd

• असौ: that (person), he
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (प्रदर्शक सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मे: to me
• मे: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular, 1st

• शृणु: hear/listen
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• जन-ईश्वर: O lord of people
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bhishma (Pitamaha)
• Duryodhana
• Dhritarashtra (Janeshvara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid conflict, proper conduct (vinaya) and seeking counsel from the wise are upheld as ethical necessities; authority and strategy should be guided by humility and discernment rather than pride.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya tells King Dhritarashtra that Duryodhana, in a deferential manner, approached the wise grandsire Bhishma and spoke to him; Sanjaya is about to report those words.