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Shloka 4

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार संन्यास और त्यागके विषयोंगें विद्वानोंके भिन्न-भिन्न मत बतलाकर अब भगवान्‌ त्यागके विषयमें अपना निश्चय बतलाना आरम्भ करते हैं-- निश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम | त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याप्र त्रिविध: सम्प्रकीर्तित:,हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ अर्जुन! संन्यास और त्याग, इन दोनोंमेंसे पहले त्यागके विषयमें तू मेरा निश्चय सुन; क्योंकि त्याग सात््विक, राजस और तामस-भेदसे तीन प्रकारका कहा गया है

niścayaṃ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama | tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhaḥ samprakīrtitaḥ ||

निश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम । त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविधः सम्प्रकीर्तितः ॥

niścayamthe conclusion/decision
niścayam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootniścaya
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
śṛṇuhear (you)
śṛṇu:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootśru (śṛ)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
meof me / my
me:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
FormGenitive, Singular
tatratherein / in that matter
tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
tyāgein (the topic of) renunciation/abandonment
tyāge:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Roottyāga
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
bharata-sattamaO best of the Bharatas
bharata-sattama:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootbharata-sattama
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
tyāgaḥrenunciation/abandonment
tyāgaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Roottyāga
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
hiindeed / for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
puruṣa-vyāghraO tiger among men
puruṣa-vyāghra:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa-vyāghra
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
trividhaḥthreefold
trividhaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Roottrividha
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
samprakīrtitaḥhas been declared/proclaimed
samprakīrtitaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-pra-kīrt (PPP: samprakīrtita)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
Bharatas (Kuru lineage)

Educational Q&A

Krishna announces a definitive teaching on tyāga (relinquishment), stating it is threefold—sāttvika, rājasa, and tāmasa—so the listener can distinguish wholesome renunciation (giving up attachment and egoistic claim) from misguided abandonment.

In the Bhīṣma Parva dialogue on duty and conduct, Krishna turns from reporting differing views about renunciation to presenting his own settled conclusion, addressing Arjuna with honorific epithets and introducing the threefold classification of tyāga.