Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 14

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

हे महाबाहो! सम्पूर्ण कर्मोकी सिद्धिके ये पाँच हेतु कर्मोंका अन्त करनेके लिये उपाय बतलानेवाले सांख्य-शास्त्रमें कहे गये हैं, उनको तू मुझसे भलीभाँति जान ।। अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम्‌ । विविधाश्व पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पज्चमम्‌,इस विषयमें अर्थात्‌ कर्मोंकी सिद्धिमें अधिष्ठान" और कर्ता+ तथा भिन्न-भिन्न प्रकारके करण* एवं नाना प्रकारकी अलग-अलग चेष्टाएँ: और वैसे ही पाँचवाँ हेतु दैव+ है

adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham | vividhāś ca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam ||

अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् । विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् ॥

अधिष्ठानम्the basis/substratum (locus)
अधिष्ठानम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअधिष्ठान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तथाand/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कर्ताthe agent/doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करणम्instrument/means
करणम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृथक्separately/distinctly
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
विधम्of kind/type (as: of various kinds)
विधम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विविधाःvarious
विविधाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृथक्separately/distinctly
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
चेष्टाःactivities/efforts
चेष्टाः:
TypeNoun
Rootचेष्टा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
दैवम्fate/divine factor
दैवम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
पञ्चमम्the fifth
पञ्चमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

Any action succeeds through five contributing causes—basis (adhiṣṭhāna), agent (kartā), instruments (karaṇa), distinct efforts (ceṣṭā), and the divine/destiny factor (daiva). This frames ethical responsibility: act with diligence and humility, avoiding egoistic claims of sole authorship or simplistic blame.

Arjuna addresses the mighty-armed interlocutor (implicitly Kṛṣṇa) and asks for a clear account of the five causal factors taught in Sāṅkhya regarding how actions are accomplished, setting up a discussion on karma, agency, and the role of fate/divine order.