उपवासफलात्मकविधिः — Upavāsa as Yajña-Equivalent Merit
Angiras Teaching
एते तु नियमा: सर्वे कर्तव्या: शरदो दश | द्वे चानये भरतश्रेष्ठ प्रवृत्तिमनुवर्तता,भरतश्रेष्ठ! प्रवृत्तिमा्गकका अनुसरण करनेवाले पुरुषको ये सभी नियम बारह वर्षोंतक पालन करने चाहिये
ete tu niyamāḥ sarve kartavyāḥ śarado daśa | dve cānaye bharataśreṣṭha pravṛttim anuvartatā ||
एते तु नियमाः सर्वे कर्तव्याः शरदो दश । द्वे चानये भरतश्रेष्ठ प्रवृत्तिमनुवर्तता ॥
अंगियरा उवाच
Disciplines (niyamas) must be sustained over a long, clearly defined period; for one committed to pravṛtti (active worldly duty), the regimen is framed as a multi-year vow requiring perseverance and continuity.
Aṅgiras is instructing a Bharata noble about the required duration for observing a set of prescribed rules, specifying ten years and then an additional two years for a practitioner who continues along the path of worldly engagement.