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Shloka 48

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

ततो दुर्योधनस्तत्र हृदयेन हसन्निव | कृतकृत्यमिवात्मानं मन्यते पुरुषाधम:

tato duryodhanas tatra hṛdayena hasann iva | kṛtakṛtyam ivātmānaṃ manyate puruṣādhamaḥ ||

ततो दुर्योधनस्तत्र हृदयेन हसन्निव । कृतकृत्यमिवात्मानं मन्यते पुरुषाधमः ॥ अन्तः शरधारातीक्ष्णहृदयः सन् बहिः सुमधुरं वचः प्रायुङ्क्त; स भ्रातृवत् सुहृद्वत् च भीमसेनाय नानाविधं भोज्यं परोक्ष्य परोक्ष्य समर्पयामास। भीमस्तु भोजनदोषानजानन् यावत् तेन परोचितं तत् सर्वं जग्धवान्। तद् दृष्ट्वा स नीचो दुर्योधनः मनसैव हसन्निव स्वात्मानं कृतार्थं मेने।

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
हृदयेनwith (his) heart; inwardly
हृदयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हसन्laughing
हसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootहस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कृतकृत्यम्one who has accomplished his purpose
कृतकृत्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतकृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आत्मानम्himself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
पुरुषाधमःthe vilest of men
पुरुषाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns inner malice concealed beneath outward propriety: a person may appear courteous, yet if the heart delights in harming others, that hidden intention marks ethical baseness (adharma).

Vaiśampāyana describes Duryodhana’s inner state at that moment: he secretly laughs to himself and feels his plan has succeeded, revealing his deceitful satisfaction despite any outward show of friendliness.