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Shloka 2

Agnihotra, Seasonal Śrauta Duties, and the Authority of Śruti–Smṛti–Purāṇa

शस्यान्ते नवशस्येष्ट्या तथर्त्वन्ते द्विजो ऽध्वरैः / पशुना त्वयनस्यान्ते समान्ते सौमिकैर्मखैः

śasyānte navaśasyeṣṭyā tathartvante dvijo 'dhvaraiḥ / paśunā tvayanasyānte samānte saumikairmakhaiḥ

शस्यान्ते नवशस्येष्टिं कुर्यात्; ऋत्वन्ते द्विजोऽध्वरैः यजेत। अयनान्ते पशुयागं समाचरेत्; समान्ते सौमिकैर्मखैः सोमयागं विधिवत् कुर्यात्।

śasya-anteat the end of the harvest
śasya-ante:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśasya (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: śasyasya ante = at harvest end
nava-śasya-iṣṭyāwith the new-grain iṣṭi
nava-śasya-iṣṭyā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnava (प्रातिपदिक) + śasya (प्रातिपदिक) + iṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: navaśasyasya iṣṭiḥ = offering with new-grain sacrifice
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb 'likewise'
ṛtu-anteat the end of the season
ṛtu-ante:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootṛtu (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ṛtoḥ ante = at season’s end
dvijaḥthe twice-born (Brahmin)
dvijaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
adhvaraiḥwith sacrifices (adhvaras)
adhvaraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootadhvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; instrumental plural
paśunāwith an animal (offering)
paśunā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpaśu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana; instrumental
tuand/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (contrastive particle)
ayana-asya-anteat the end of this ayana
ayana-asya-ante:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootayana (प्रातिपदिक) + asya (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: asya ayanasya ante = at the end of this ayana (half-year)
sam-anteat the end of the year
sam-ante:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: samasya ante = at year’s end (end of the cycle)
saumikaḥSoma-related
saumikaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaumika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana (saumikaiḥ); qualifying makhaiḥ
makhaiḥwith sacrifices (makhas)
makhaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmakha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana

Vyasa (narrating dharma and yajña-timings to the sages in the Purva-bhaga context)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

D
Dvija
A
Adhvara (Vedic sacrifice)
N
Navaśasya-iṣṭi
P
Paśu-yajña
S
Soma-yajña

FAQs

This verse is primarily karmakāṇḍa-oriented: it teaches dharma through correctly timed yajñas. Indirectly, it supports the Purāṇic view that disciplined action (niyata-karma) purifies the mind, preparing one for Atman-knowledge taught elsewhere (including the Ishvara Gita sections).

No direct meditation technique is taught here; the practice is yajña as a form of disciplined, time-bound sādhanā. In the Kurma Purana’s broader framework, such niyama and ritual purity function as preparatory limbs that support higher yogic contemplation and devotion.

The verse itself is non-sectarian and Vedic in tone, emphasizing orthodox yajña-dharma rather than sectarian theology. In the Kurma Purana’s synthesis, such Vedic duties are upheld as compatible with devotion to Hari (Kurma/Vishnu) and reverence for Śiva, integrating karma with bhakti and yoga.