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Shloka 63

Santaptaka’s Encounter with Five Pretas and Their Liberation through Viṣṇu’s Presence

Devanagari script

मित्रं च मे बहुधनं तस्य लोभो महांस्ततः / जातो ऽप्यदृष्टवैमुख्यान्मे नष्टं मूलमप्युत

Transliteration

mitraṃ ca me bahudhanaṃ tasya lobho mahāṃstataḥ / jāto 'pyadṛṣṭavaimukhyānme naṣṭaṃ mūlamapyuta

Translation

मित्रं च मे बहुधनं तस्य लोभो महान् ततः। जातोऽप्यदृष्टवैमुख्यान् मे नष्टं मूलमप्युत॥

Word by Word
मित्रम्a friend
मित्रम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (context: ‘मित्रं ... (आसीत्)’ subject)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (and)
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha (Possessor/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (context: genitive ‘my’)
बहुधनम्having much wealth
बहुधनम्:
Karta (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (कर्मधारयः: ‘बहु धनम्’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (मित्रम्)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (Possessor/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
लोभःgreed
लोभः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
महान्great
महान्:
Karta (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (लोभः)
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Sambandha (Discourse connective)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (thereupon/from that)
जातःarose
जातः:
Kriya (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘लोभः’ इत्यस्य सह (arose)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (even/also)
अदृष्टवैमुख्यात्due to ill-fate (unseen adverse turn)
अदृष्टवैमुख्यात्:
Hetu/Apadana (Cause-source)
TypeNoun
Rootअदृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + वैमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुषः: ‘अदृष्टस्य वैमुख्यम्’ = misfortune/turning away of fate), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha (Possessor/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नष्टम्was lost
नष्टम्:
Kriya (Predicate with implied ‘अभवत्’)
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘मूलम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
मूलम्principal/capital
मूलम्:
Karta/Karma (Thing lost)
TypeNoun
Rootमूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (even)
उतindeed/also
उत:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/also)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra, as part of the didactic narrative of Preta Kanda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Turning away from adr̥ṣṭa (dharma, unseen karmic law) breeds lobha, which destroys even one’s ‘mūla’ (foundation: capital, merit, stability).

Vedantic Theme: Avidyā-driven lobha binds; neglect of dharma obscures long-term reality; true security lies in dharma, not mere accumulation.

Application: Maintain long-horizon ethics; integrate charity, truthfulness, and restraint into wealth management; remember consequences beyond immediate gain.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana ethical warnings: lobha as root of papa leading to preta/naraka outcomes; adr̥ṣṭa as moral causality

Characters & Entities
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse warns that ignoring adṛṣṭa—dharma and the unseen karmic consequences beyond this life—leads to ruin even at the level of one’s “root” (mūla), not merely temporary loss.

By linking greed (lobha) with neglect of dharma, it implies that one’s post-death condition is shaped by inner tendencies; attachment-driven actions create adverse karmic outcomes that follow the soul after death.

Treat wealth and association as tests: avoid envy-driven greed, keep dharma central, and regularly reflect on long-term consequences (karmic and ethical) rather than only visible, short-term gain.

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