Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 26
Devanagari script
एष वाणीकृतो देवि धर्मः सेव्यः सदा नरैः शुभसत्यगुणैर् नित्यं वर्जनीया मृषा बुधैः //
Translation
अध्यायस्य षड्विंशतितमः श्लोकः—इति संख्यया निर्दिष्टः।
Word by Word
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; निर्देश-सर्वनाम (demonstrative)
vāṇī-kṛtaḥmade into speech / expressed in words
vāṇī-kṛtaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ-क्त)
Formतत्पुरुष (instrumental/means sense): ‘वाण्या कृतः’ (made by speech / verbalized); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of dharmaḥ)
deviO goddess
devi:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
dharmaḥdharma/righteous conduct
dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
sevyaḥto be practiced/served
sevyaḥ:
Vidhi (विधि/obligation)
TypeAdjective
Rootsevya (प्रातिपदिक; √sev-यत्)
Formयत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective of dharmaḥ)
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
naraiḥby men/people
naraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन
śubha-satya-guṇaiḥwith good and truthful qualities
śubha-satya-guṇaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक) + satya (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समास (descriptive determinative): ‘शुभाश्च सत्याश्च ये गुणाः’ (good and true qualities); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
nityamconstantly
nityam:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण (adverbial accusative)
varjanīyāto be avoided
varjanīyā:
Vidhi (विधि/obligation)
TypeAdjective
Rootvarjanīya (प्रातिपदिक; √vṛj/√varj-णीय)
Formणीय-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate; implied ‘mṛṣā’)
mṛṣāfalsehood / falsely
mṛṣā:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmṛṣā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb/particle meaning ‘falsely’; also used as noun ‘falsehood’—here adverbial)
budhaiḥby the wise
budhaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbudha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
Speaker
Śiva to Devī (Umā)