Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 20
Devanagari script
श्लक्ष्णां वाणीं स्वच्छवर्णां मधुरां पापवर्जिताम् स्वगतेनाभिभाषन्ते ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //
Translation
अत्र श्लोकस्य मूलपाठो न प्रदत्तः; केवलं ‘२०’ इति संख्या दृश्यते। कृपया संस्कृतपाठं प्रददातु, तदा यथाशास्त्रं अनुवादं करिष्यामि।
Word by Word
ślakṣṇāmgentle, smooth
ślakṣṇām:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootślakṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of vāṇīm
vāṇīmspeech, voice
vāṇīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object of abhibhāṣante
svaccha-varṇāmclear-toned / of clear sound
svaccha-varṇām:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvaccha (प्रातिपदिक) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (karmadhāraya-like determinative) meaning 'svacchaḥ varṇaḥ yasyāḥ'; viśeṣaṇa of vāṇīm
madhurāmsweet
madhurām:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmadhura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of vāṇīm
pāpa-varjitāmfree from sin
pāpa-varjitām:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + varjita (कृदन्त; क्त)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; kta-participle (क्त) of √vṛj/√varj (वर्ज्/वृज्) 'to avoid', in tatpuruṣa: 'pāpena varjitā' (free from sin); viśeṣaṇa of vāṇīm
sva-gatenawith one’s own proper intent/manner
sva-gatena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त; क्त)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (contextual), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana; instrumental: 'with/through one’s own manner/intent'; adverbial instrument to abhibhāṣante
abhibhāṣantethey speak (address)
abhibhāṣante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√bhāṣ (भाष्)
FormLaṭ lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana (plural), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana; pronoun referring to narāḥ
narāḥmen, people
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
svarga-gāminaḥheaven-going
svarga-gāminaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'svargaṃ gacchanti' (going to heaven); predicate adjective of narāḥ
Speaker
Śiva to Umā/Devī