Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 1
Devanagari script
उमोवाच भगवन् सर्वभूतेश सुरासुरनमस्कृत धर्माधर्मे नृणां देव ब्रूहि मे संशयं विभो //
Translation
अत्र श्लोकस्य मूलपाठो न प्रदत्तः; केवलं “1” इति संख्या दृश्यते। कृपया संस्कृतपाठं दत्त्वा अनुवादः क्रियताम्।
Word by Word
umāUmā
umā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootumā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
bhagavanO Lord
bhagavan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
sarva-bhūta-īśaO Lord of all beings
sarva-bhūta-īśa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva + bhūta + īśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
sura-asura-namaskṛtarevered by gods and demons
sura-asura-namaskṛta:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsura + asura + namaskṛta (प्रातिपदिक; namas-√kṛ + kta)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन) — qualifying the addressed deity
dharma-adharmein dharma and adharma
dharma-adharme:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Topic-location)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma + adharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन)
nṛṇāmof men
nṛṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
devaO god
deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
brūhitell
brūhi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√brū (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
meto me
me:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)
saṃśayamdoubt
saṃśayam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃśaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vibhoO all-pervading one
vibho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootvibhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Umā (questioner) addressing Śiva (teacher)