Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Informed Discourse on the Unmanifest (Avyakta), the 25 Tattvas, and Liberation, Shloka 51
Devanagari script
तस्माद् अगाधाद् अव्यक्ताद् उपक्षीणात् सनातनात् तस्माद् यूयं विरजस्का वितमस्काश् च भो द्विजाः //
Translation
अत्र श्लोकाङ्कः (51) एव दृश्यते; मूलपाठप्रदानं विना अनुवादः न सम्भवति।
Word by Word
tasmāttherefore / from that
tasmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter; ‘from that/therefore’
agādhātfrom the unfathomable
agādhāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeAdjective
Rootagādha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); used substantively ‘from the unfathomable (one)’
avyaktātfrom the unmanifest
avyaktāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeAdjective
Rootavyakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); used substantively ‘from the unmanifest’
upakṣīṇātfrom the decayed/diminished
upakṣīṇāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa- + kṣīṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; kṣi धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त/PPP) in adjectival use; Masculine/Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘from that which is diminished/decayed’
sanātanātfrom the eternal/ancient
sanātanāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeAdjective
Rootsanātana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘from the eternal’ (contextually: from the beginningless/ancient)
tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
yūyamyou (all)
yūyam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); 2nd person pronoun ‘you (all)’
virajaskāḥfree from rajas
virajaskāḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समाना/Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi- + rajas (प्रातिपदिक) + -ka (तद्धित)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); predicate adjective to yūyam; ‘free from rajas (passion/dust)’
vitamaskāḥfree from tamas
vitamaskāḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समाना/Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi- + tamas (प्रातिपदिक) + -ka (तद्धित)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); predicate adjective to yūyam; ‘free from tamas (darkness/ignorance)’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
bhoO!
bho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbho (अव्यय)
FormVocative particle (सम्बोधन-निपात)
dvijāḥO twice-born
dvijāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुल्लिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural (बहुवचन)
Speaker
Teacher/narrator exhorting dvijāḥ (initiated sages/brāhmaṇas)