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Shloka 18

Bharata Mahārāja’s Attachment to a Deer and His Fall from Yoga

अपि च न वृक: सालावृकोऽन्यतमो वा नैकचर एकचरो वा भक्षयति ॥ १८ ॥

api ca na vṛkaḥ sālā-vṛko ’nyatamo vā naika-cara eka-caro vā bhak-ṣayati.

न जाने; हरिणं वृकः श्वा वा, समूहचराः वराहाः, अथवा एकचरो व्याघ्रो भक्षयितुं शक्नुवन्ति॥

अपिalso, even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle), अर्थे—‘also/even’
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
वृकःwolf
वृकः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन
सालावृकःjackal (lit. ‘forest-wolf’)
सालावृकः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसाला + वृक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (साला-सम्बद्धः वृकः)
अन्यतमःsome other one (one among them)
अन्यतमः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject, appositive)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्यतम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन; विशेषण—‘one of the others’
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
एकचरःsolitary-roaming
एकचरः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject, qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootएकचर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन; कर्मधारय—एकः चरो यस्य (solitary-roaming)
नैकचरःnot solitary (group-roaming)
नैकचरः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject, qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootन + एकचर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन; नञ्-समास (न-एकचरः = not solitary, i.e., roaming in groups)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/disjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle)
भक्षयतिdevours, eats
भक्षयति:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन

Tigers never wander in the forest in flocks. Each tiger wanders alone, but forest boars keep together. Similarly, hogs, wolves and dogs also do the same. Thus Mahārāja Bharata thought that the deer had been killed by some of the many ferocious animals within the forest.

FAQs

This verse states that even predators—whether solitary or in groups—cannot devour one who is under higher protection, emphasizing safety that comes through dharmic alignment and divine shelter.

He uses common threats from the wild as a vivid example to illustrate that when one is protected by a superior principle (dharma and the Lord’s shelter), ordinary causes of fear lose their power.

Cultivate steady spiritual practice and ethical living; it builds inner fearlessness and reduces vulnerability to many “predators” of life—harmful influences, addictions, and destructive company.