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Sutra 8

यदि वा मन्येत शैलवननदीदुर्गमटवीव्यवहितं छिन्नधान्यपुरुषवीवधासारमयवसेन्धनोदकमविज्ञातं प्रकृष्टमन्यभावदेशीयं वा सैन्यव्यायामानामलब्धभौमं वा देशं परो यास्यति विपरीतमहमित्येतस्मिन्विशेषे परिपणितदेशं संधिमुपेयात् ॥ कZ_०७.६.०८ ॥

yadi vā manyeta śailavananadīdurgamaṭavīvyavahitaṃ chinnadhānyapuruṣavīvadhāsāramayavasendhanodakam avijñātaṃ prakṛṣṭam anyabhāvadeśīyaṃ vā sainyavyāyāmānām alabdhabhaumaṃ vā deśaṃ paro yāsyati viparītam aham ity etasmin viśeṣe paripaṇitadeśaṃ saṃdhim upeyāt

अथवा यदि मन्येत—शैलवननदीदुर्गमटवीव्यवहितं, छिन्नधान्यपुरुषवीवधासारं, अल्पयवसेन्धनोदकम्, अविज्ञातं, प्रकृष्टं, अन्यभावदेशीयं वा, सैन्यव्यायामानाम् अलब्धभौमं वा देशं परो यास्यति, विपरीतम् अहम्—इत्येतस्मिन् विशेषे परिपणितदेशं सन्धिम् उपेयात्।

यदिif
यदि:
TypeParticle
Rootयद्
Formavyaya (conditional)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formavyaya (disjunctive)
मन्येत(he) should think / suppose
मन्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formoptative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada? (classical usage: ātmanepada मन्यते; here optative ‘man-yeta’ = 3sg ātmanepada)
शैल-वन-नदी-दुर्ग-मटवी-व्यवहितम्separated/blocked off by mountains, forests, rivers, forts, and wilderness
शैल-वन-नदी-दुर्ग-मटवी-व्यवहितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यवहित
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
छिन्न-धान्य-पुरुष-वीवध-असारम्having its grain cut off and its men slain; lacking substance/strength
छिन्न-धान्य-पुरुष-वीवध-असारम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअसार
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
यव-सेन्धन-उदकम्(lacking) barley, fuel, and water / with barley-fuel-water (as resources)
यव-सेन्धन-उदकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
अविज्ञातम्unknown / not well ascertained
अविज्ञातम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञात
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
प्रकृष्टम्excellent / superior
प्रकृष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृष्ट
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
अन्य-भाव-देशीयम्belonging to another condition/party/region; of a different allegiance
अन्य-भाव-देशीयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदेशीय
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formavyaya (disjunctive)
सैन्य-व्यायामानाम्of army exercises / of military training
सैन्य-व्यायामानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यायाम
Formgenitive plural; ‘of (military) exercises/drills’
अलब्ध-भौमम्not providing (suitable) ground/terrain; not affording a base
अलब्ध-भौमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअलब्धभौम
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; agrees with देशम्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formavyaya (disjunctive)
देशम्a territory / region
देशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formaccusative singular masculine; object of यास्यति / (also of उपेयात् as ‘towards the stipulated territory’)
परःthe other (party), the enemy
परः:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootपर
Formnominative singular masculine; subject of यास्यति
यास्यतिwill go / will proceed
यास्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formsimple future, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
विपरीतम्the opposite / contrariwise
विपरीतम्:
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootविपरीत
Formneuter accusative singular used as adverbial complement (‘contrarily’)
अहम्I
अहम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formnominative singular; speaker/king as subject (elliptic with implied verb)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formquotative indeclinable
एतस्मिन्in this
एतस्मिन्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formlocative singular neuter/masculine; ‘in this’
विशेषेin the special case / in this distinction
विशेषे:
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
Formlocative singular masculine; ‘in the particular case/distinction’
परिपणित-देशम्the territory stipulated (in the bargain/terms)
परिपणित-देशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिपणित
Formaccusative singular masculine; qualifies देशम् (object of उपेयात्)
सन्धिम्a treaty / peace / alliance-compact
सन्धिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि
Formaccusative singular masculine; object of उपेयात्
उपेयात्should enter into / should adopt
उपेयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (उपयाति/उपेयात्)
Formoptative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada; injunctive advice
A
ally/partner (paraḥ)
A
army (sainya)

FAQs

Use a ‘division of theaters’ treaty to shift the harsher terrain and supply constraints onto the partner, while securing the favorable theater for oneself.

Because campaign viability depends on logistics; controlling or avoiding scarcity is as decisive as battlefield strength.