Verse 13

Kaivalya

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स्वप्ने स जीवः सुखदुःखभोक्ता स्वमायया कल्पितजीवलोके ।

सुषुप्तिकाले सकले विलीने तमोऽभिभूतः सुखरूपमेति ॥१३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

स्वप्ने । सः । जीवः । सुख-दुःख-भोक्ता । स्व-मायया । कल्पित-जीव-लोके ।

सुषुप्ति-काले । सकले । विलीने । तमः-अभिभूतः । सुख-रूपम् । एति ।

IAST Transliteration

svapne sa jīvaḥ sukha-duḥkha-bhoktā sva-māyayā kalpita-jīva-loke |

suṣupti-kāle sakale vilīne tamo'bhibhūtaḥ sukha-rūpam eti ||13||

Translation

Во сне эта индивидуальная душа (джива) вкушает радость и страдание в мире существ, созданном её собственной майей. В глубоком сне, когда всё полностью растворено, будучи подавлена тьмой (тамасом), она достигает состояния, чья природа — счастье.

Academic Translation

In dream, that individual self is an experiencer of pleasure and pain in the world of living beings projected by its own māyā. In the time of deep sleep, when everything has dissolved, overpowered by darkness (tamas), it attains a state whose form is happiness.

Verse Context

• Jīva, māyā, the three states (avasthā-traya), suṣupti and ānanda
• Mahavakya: Supports the discernment leading to ‘ayam ātmā brahma’ by contrasting changing states of the jīva with the underlying Self; also aligns with ‘prajñānam brahma’ insofar as consciousness is the constant witness across states.
• Atharva
• Atharva-veda (Kaivalya Upaniṣad; traditionally associated with Śaunaka tradition) Shakha
• Chandas: Mixed/Upaniṣadic verse (not strictly classifiable as a single classical chandas across all pādas)