कल्पकालोज्जवालापूरितांबरगोचरः । हुताश उरणारूढः शक्तिहस्तो व्यवस्थितः
kalpakālojjavālāpūritāṃbaragocaraḥ | hutāśa uraṇārūḍhaḥ śaktihasto vyavasthitaḥ
Агни (Хуташa), пылающий, как огонь в конце кальпы и наполняющий небеса сиянием, стоял готовый к бою — верхом на баране и с копьём в руке.
Deductive (contextual): narrator voice (often Sūta) describing Agni’s form
Scene: Agni blazes like the end-of-age conflagration, filling the sky with incandescent glow; he stands poised on a ram, spear raised, flames forming a radiant canopy around him.
Agni symbolizes purifying power—divine energy that consumes impurity and strengthens dharma in times of crisis.
No tīrtha is mentioned; the verse is a depiction of a deity in battle readiness.
None directly, though Agni’s identity as Hutāśa recalls the centrality of offerings in yajña.