Shloka 41

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

पश्यतस्तानि रुदतस्ताम्यतश्च पुनः पुनः।प्रादीपयन्दाशरथेस्तानि शोकहुताशनम्।।।।

Transliteration

paśyatas tāni rudatas tāmyataś ca punaḥ punaḥ | prādīpayan dāśarathes tāni śokahutāśanam ||

Translation

Пока сын Дашаратхи смотрел на них, плакал и снова и снова изнемогал от тоски, те украшения лишь разжигали огонь его скорби.

Word by Word

• शयितम्: (he) lay down
• शयितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त (past passive participle) ‘शयित’, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भावे ‘lying down’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय

• चिरम्: for a long time
• चिरम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of duration)

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Kartr (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृ/करण

• दुःखार्तेन: by one afflicted with sorrow
• दुःखार्तेन: Kartr (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: दुःख-आर्त (तत्पुरुष; ‘दुःखेन आर्तः’), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘तेन’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• महात्मना: by the great-souled one
• महात्मना: Kartr (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘तेन’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृ/करण

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (particle) ‘also/even’

• विविधैः: with various
• विविधैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘वाक्यैः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• वाक्यैः: by words/speeches
• वाक्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण

• कृच्छ्रात्: with great difficulty
• कृच्छ्रात्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कृच्छ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषण (ablatival adverb): ‘with difficulty’

• उत्थापितः: was made to rise/raised
• उत्थापितः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद् + स्था (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त (past passive participle) from उत्थापय् (causative of उद्-स्था), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि ‘was raised’

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण

Context

"What does Rama look like? And Laksmana? How are his thighs, arms? Tell me".

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Dāśarathi)
• Daśaratha
• Sītā (implied)
• Ornaments (ābharaṇāni)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes mastering grief without abandoning duty: the verse shows how reminders can intensify sorrow, yet the righteous must transform pain into purposeful action.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma repeatedly looks at Sītā’s ornaments and breaks down; the sight deepens his grief like fuel to fire.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s profound love and sensitivity, alongside the implied need for steadfastness to continue the rescue mission.