Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 13

अशोकवनिकाविचारः

Survey of the Aśoka Grove and its Enchanted Landscape

Devanagari script

वृक्षेभ्यः पतितैः पुष्पैरवकीर्णा पृथग्विदैः।रराज वृक्षेभ्यः तत्र प्रमदेव विभूषिता।।।।

Transliteration

vṛkṣebhyaḥ patitaiḥ puṣpair avakīrṇā pṛthag-vidaiḥ | rarāja tatra pramadā iva vibhūṣitā ||

Translation

Там земля, усыпанная цветами разных видов, опавшими с деревьев, сияла — украшенная, словно юная женщина в драгоценностях.

Word by Word

• वृक्षेभ्यः: from the trees
• वृक्षेभ्यः: अपादान (Apadana/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case/Ablative), बहुवचन

• पतितैः: fallen
• पतितैः: करण (Karana/Instrument; qualifies puṣpaiḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतित (पत् धातु, क्त कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/Instrumental), बहुवचन; पुष्पैः विशेषण

• पुष्पैः: with flowers
• पुष्पैः: करण (Karana/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• अवकीर्णा: strewn, covered
• अवकीर्णा: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate adjective of implied subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव-कीर्ण (कॄ धातु, क्त कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (भूमिः/वनिका) इति अध्याहार्यं विशेषयति

• पृथग्विदैः: of various kinds/colors
• पृथग्विदैः: करण (Karana/Instrument; qualifier of puṣpaiḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृथग् (अव्यय) + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (determinative): पृथग्विधैः = नानाविधैः; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; पुष्पैः विशेषण

• रराज: shone, looked splendid
• रराज: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: राज् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वृक्षेभ्यः: from the trees
• वृक्षेभ्यः: अपादान (Apadana/Source; again)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, बहुवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)

• प्रमदा-इव: like a young woman
• प्रमदा-इव: उपमान (Upamana/Standard of comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रमदा (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक अव्यय (simile marker); प्रमदा स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन (upamana)

• विभूषिता: adorned, bedecked
• विभूषिता: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-भूष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (भूमिः/वनिका) इति अध्याहार्यं विशेषयति

Context

Strewn with flowers of various colours fallen from the trees of various kinds, the goddess of earth looked charming like a young woman profusely bedecked.

Characters & Entities

• Aśoka-vana (implied)
• Trees
• Flowers
• Earth (as the adorned ground)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is reflected as cosmic order and auspiciousness: the landscape itself becomes ornamented, suggesting that truth-driven endeavors align with a harmonizing beauty in the world.

What is the narrative situation?

As flowers fall and spread across the grove, the ground appears beautifully decorated, enhancing the scene around Hanumān’s search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a direct virtue-statement, but it frames Hanumān’s mission within auspicious signs that support righteous perseverance.