Shloka 13

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

तेन पादपमुक्तेन पुष्पौघेण सुगन्धिना।सर्वतः संवृतः शैलो बभौ पुष्पमयो यथा।।।।

Transliteration

tena pādapamuktena puṣpaughena sugandhinā |

sarvataḥ saṃvṛtaḥ śailo babhau puṣpamayo yathā ||

Translation

Покрытая со всех сторон благоухающими грудами цветов, осыпавшихся с деревьев, гора выглядела так, словно была целиком сотворена из цветов.

Word by Word

• तेन: by that/with that
• तेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन; करणार्थे

• पादपमुक्तेन: released from the trees
• पादपमुक्तेन: करण (Karaṇa; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पादप + मुक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: षष्ठी/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषार्थः (released from trees); मुक्त = मुच्-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; पुष्पौघेण इति विशेषणम्

• पुष्पौघेण: with a mass of flowers
• पुष्पौघेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प + ओघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (heap/stream of flowers); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• सुगन्धिना: fragrant
• सुगन्धिना: करण (Karaṇa; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुगन्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; पुष्पौघेण इति विशेषणम्

• सर्वतः: on all sides
• सर्वतः: अधिकरण (Adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb: on all sides)

• संवृतः: covered
• संवृतः: कर्तृ (Karta; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + वृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) 'covered'; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शैलः इति विशेषणम्

• शैलः: the mountain
• शैलः: कर्तृ (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• बभौ: appeared/shone
• बभौ: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भा (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• पुष्पमयः: made of flowers
• पुष्पमयः: कर्तृ (Karta; predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुष्प + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (made of flowers); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शैलः इति विशेषणम्

• यथा: as if/like
• यथा: उपमान (Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक अव्यय (comparative particle: as/like)

Context

With heaps of flowers full of fragrance fallen down from the trees all over the mountain, it looked as though it was a mountain of flowers.

Characters & Entities

• Maināka (implied mountain setting)
• Mountain (śaila)
• Trees
• Flowers

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Indirectly, the verse supports dharma through auspicious setting: a harmonious natural world frames righteous action, suggesting that order and beauty accompany a mission aligned with truth.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration describes the mountain’s appearance as it becomes covered with fallen blossoms, creating an inviting, ceremonial atmosphere.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a personal virtue, but the theme of auspicious receptivity—nature itself appears to welcome and honor the traveler.