Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 114, Shloka 3

अयोध्याप्रवेशः

Bharata Enters Ayodhya and Perceives the City’s Desolation

Devanagari script

राहुशत्रोः प्रियां पत्नीं श्रिया प्रज्वलितप्रभाम्। ग्रहेणाभ्युत्थितेनैकां रोहिणीमिव पीडिताम्।।2.114.3।।

Transliteration

rāhuśatroḥ priyāṁ patnīṁ śriyā prajvalitaprabhām |

graheṇābhyutthitenaikāṁ rohiṇīm iva pīḍitām ||2.114.3||

Translation

Она казалась Рохини, возлюбленной супругой Луны: прежде пылавшей сиянием, ныне одинокой и терзаемой, словно схваченной враждебной планетой, поднявшейся в силе.

Word by Word

• राहु-शत्रोः: of the Moon (enemy of Rahu)
• राहु-शत्रोः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राहु (प्रातिपदिक) + शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध/6th case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘राहोः शत्रुः’ = चन्द्रः; ‘of the Moon’

• प्रियाम्: beloved
• प्रियाम्: Karma-anvayi Visheshana (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पत्नीम्: wife
• पत्नीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• श्रिया: with splendour/majesty
• श्रिया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/3rd case), एकवचन; instrumental of accompaniment/quality

• प्रज्वलित-प्रभाम्: radiant with brilliance
• प्रज्वलित-प्रभाम्: Karma-anvayi Visheshana (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रज्वलित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘प्रज्वलिता प्रभा यस्याः सा’—radiant in lustre

• ग्रहेण: by a planet
• ग्रहेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• अभ्युत्थितेन: risen/exalted
• अभ्युत्थितेन: Karana-anvayi Visheshana (करण-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि-उत्-स्था (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) ‘अभ्युत्थित’; तृतीया, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; agrees with ‘ग्रहेण’

• एकाम्: alone
• एकाम्: Karma-anvayi Visheshana (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• रोहिणीम्: Rohiṇī (star)
• रोहिणीम्: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोहिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; नक्षत्र-नाम

• इव: like
• इव: Upama-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा-सूचक

• पीडिताम्: tormented
• पीडिताम्: Karma-anvayi Visheshana (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीड् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) ‘पीडित’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies the implied city/queen-like entity

Context

(The city looked) like Rohini, the beloved consort of the Moon, the star which wasmajesticlly radiating flaming brilliance and now, tormented by the exalted Rahu which has eclipsed the Moon, shines alone.

Characters & Entities

• Rohini
• Moon (Candra)
• Rahu
• Ayodhya
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The ethical idea is indirect: when the rightful support (the dharmic center) is removed, even what is naturally radiant becomes afflicted—highlighting the stabilizing role of righteous order.

What is the narrative situation?

A poetic description portrays Ayodhya’s lonely, tormented appearance after Rama’s departure, using an astronomical simile involving Rohiṇī and the Moon.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s indispensability to the kingdom’s wellbeing: his absence is depicted as cosmic disturbance, underscoring his role as dharma’s anchor.