Shloka 42

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तो महातेजा मारीचेन स रावणः।ततः पश्चादिदं वाक्यमब्रवीद्वाक्यकोविदः।।।।

Transliteration

evam ukto mahātejā mārīcena sa rāvaṇaḥ |

tataḥ paścād idaṃ vākyam abravīd vākyakovidaḥ ||

Translation

Так, выслушав речь Маричи, сияющий Равана, искусный в слове, затем ответил такими словами.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)

• uktaḥ: addressed / spoken to
• uktaḥ: Karta-anuguṇa (कर्तृअनुगुण विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘spoken/addressed’

• mahātejāḥ: the very radiant one
• mahātejāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः कर्मधारयः; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier)

• mārīcena: by Maricha
• mārīcena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārīca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; करण/सहकारक (instrumental/agent in passive sense)

• saḥ: that (he)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• rāvaṇaḥ: Ravana
• rāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; ततः = तस्मात् अनन्तरम् (then/thereafter), कालवाचक (temporal)

• paścāt: afterwards
• paścāt: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paścāt (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (afterwards)

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (demonstrative)

• vākyam: speech / words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्म (object)

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• vākyakovidaḥ: skilled in speech
• vākyakovidaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vākya + kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वाक्येषु कोविदः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

Context

The younger brother of Kubera (Ravana), the prosperous lord of the demons ascended the chariot which could go where he desired. Embellished with gold, studded with gems, harnessed with demonfaced donkeys, the chariot rolled towards the ocean, rumbling like a cloud.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Mārīca

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores that eloquence (vākyakovidatā) is not identical with satya. In the Ramayana, rhetoric can serve dharma when truthful, or become a tool of adharma when manipulative.

What is the narrative situation?

A transition marker: after Mārīca’s question, the narration prepares for Rāvaṇa’s reply and the unfolding scheme.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Communicative skill is highlighted (skill in speech), though the ethical direction of that skill depends on the content of Rāvaṇa’s intent.