Shloka 64

Narmadā

Revā) Tīrtha Greatness: The Gandharva Maidens’ Curse Narrative (Acchodā Episode Begins

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वा लुठितास्तत्र मणिभूमौ कुमारिकाः । आकारं गोपयंत्यस्ता मुग्धा जल्पंति मातृभिः

Transliteration

ityuktvā luṭhitāstatra maṇibhūmau kumārikāḥ | ākāraṃ gopayaṃtyastā mugdhā jalpaṃti mātṛbhiḥ

Translation

Сказав так, юные девы там катались по земле, усыпанной драгоценностями. Затем, застенчивые и простодушные, они скрыли выражение лиц и заговорили со своими матерями.

Word by Word

• iti: "thus"
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), quotation/particle (इति-प्रयोगः)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), from √vac (वच्) "to speak"; indeclinable verbal form

• luṭhitāḥ: rolled about / tumbled
• luṭhitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject via participle agreement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: luṭhita (प्रातिपदिक; √luṭh धातु + kta)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural; agreeing with implied subject "kumārikāḥ"

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of place (देशवाचक)

• maṇi-bhūmau: on the jeweled ground
• maṇi-bhūmau: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṇi (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी) Singular; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-सन्निकर्षः): "maṇīnām bhūmiḥ" → maṇibhūmiḥ

• kumārikāḥ: the young girls
• kumārikāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumārikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural

• ākāram: their expression / outward appearance
• ākāram: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular

• gopayanti: they conceal
• gopayanti: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gup (धातु; गोपायति-धात्वादेश/णिजन्त)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural; causative/denominative sense "to conceal" (गोपायति)

• astāḥ: lying down / fallen
• astāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: asta (प्रातिपदिक; √as धातु + kta in sense of 'thrown down/placed')
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural; qualifying kumārikāḥ (semantic: 'lying/placed')

• mugdhāḥ: bewildered / innocent
• mugdhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mugdha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural; qualifying kumārikāḥ

• jalpanti: they chatter / speak
• jalpanti: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jalp (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural

• mātṛbhiḥ: with (their) mothers
• mātṛbhiḥ: Karana (करण/instrument/association: 'with')
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (तृतीया) Plural

Speaker

Narrator (contextual voice; specific speaker not identifiable from the single verse alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: hasya

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ityuktvā = iti + uktvā; luṭhitāstatra = luṭhitāḥ + tatra; gopayaṃtyastā = gopayanti + astāḥ; jalpaṃti = jalpanti (anusvāra orthography).

FAQs

Who is being described in this verse?

The verse describes kumārikās—young maidens—sporting on a jeweled ground, then shyly concealing their demeanor while speaking with their mothers.

What does ākāra mean here, and why is it concealed?

Ākāra here indicates outward expression or gesture (demeanor). It is concealed due to bashfulness/innocence (mugdhāḥ), suggesting modesty after playful behavior.

What is the ethical or cultural theme implied by the verse?

It implies a cultural theme of youthful play tempered by modesty and propriety, shown through the maidens’ bashfulness and their interaction within a maternal/social setting.