Shloka 63

Invocations, Definition and Authority of Purāṇa, Pulastya–Bhīṣma Frame, and the Creation–Dissolution Schema

Devanagari script

पितॄन्देवांस्तर्पयतः स्वाध्यायेन महात्मनः । आत्मानं कर्षतश्चास्य तुष्टो देवः पितामहः

Transliteration

pitṝndevāṃstarpayataḥ svādhyāyena mahātmanaḥ | ātmānaṃ karṣataścāsya tuṣṭo devaḥ pitāmahaḥ

Translation

Когда этот великодушный удовлетворял Питров и богов священным изучением и также обуздывал себя аскезой, божественный Прадед, Брахма, был им доволен.

Word by Word

• पितॄन्: the ancestors
• पितॄन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• तर्पयतः: of (him) who is satisfying (offering libations to)
• तर्पयतः: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप्/तर्प् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; (महात्मनः इत्यस्य विशेषण)

• स्वाध्यायेन: by self-recitation/study
• स्वाध्यायेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled one
• महात्मनः: Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक: महत् + आत्मन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• आत्मानम्: the self
• आत्मानम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• कर्षतः: of (him) who is restraining/disciplining
• कर्षतः: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृष् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; (महात्मनः इत्यस्य विशेषण)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• अस्य: of him
• अस्य: Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• तुष्टः: pleased
• तुष्टः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृत्; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; (देवः)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• पितामहः: Grandfather (Brahmā)
• पितामहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक: पिता + मह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; देवस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

Speaker

Narrator (contextual; verse describes Brahmā being pleased—explicit dialogue speaker not stated in the shloka alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पितॄन्देवांस्तर्पयतः = पितॄन् + देवान् + तर्पयतः; कर्षतश्चास्य = कर्षतः + च + अस्य (अ + अ → आ).

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs
• Devas
• Brahmā (Pitāmaha)

FAQs

What practice is highlighted as pleasing to both the gods and the ancestors in this verse?

The verse highlights svādhyāya (sacred study/recitation) as a means of ‘tarpana’—satisfying both the Devas and the Pitṛs—along with self-discipline (tapas).

Who is referred to as ‘Pitāmaha’ here, and why is he significant in the Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa?

‘Pitāmaha’ refers to Brahmā, the cosmic ‘Grandfather.’ In the Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa (creation section), Brahmā is central as a creator-figure who responds to merit, austerity, and dharmic conduct.

What ethical or spiritual lesson does this shloka convey?

It teaches that disciplined living—combining inner restraint (tapas) with consistent sacred learning (svādhyāya)—brings divine approval and supports one’s duties toward both celestial beings and ancestral lineages.