Shloka 34

Brahmā’s Puṣkara Sacrifice: Kokāmukha Tīrtha, Varāha’s Aid, and the Arrival of Gāyatrī

Devanagari script

यः परं श्रूयते ज्योतिर्यः परं श्रूयते तपः । यः परं परतः प्राह परं यः परमात्मवान्

Transliteration

yaḥ paraṃ śrūyate jyotiryaḥ paraṃ śrūyate tapaḥ | yaḥ paraṃ parataḥ prāha paraṃ yaḥ paramātmavān

Translation

О нём слышат как о Высшем Свете; о нём слышат как о Высшей аскезе (тапас). Он возвещает Высшее как превосходящее даже «запредельное»; он — наделённый Высшим Я, Параматманом.

Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• param: the supreme; supremely
• param: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially = 'supremely'

• śrūyate: is heard
• śrūyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (श्रु धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Passive sense (कर्मणि) = 'is heard'

• jyotiḥ: light
• jyotiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• param: the supreme; supremely
• param: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially

• śrūyate: is heard
• śrūyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (श्रु धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person singular; Passive (कर्मणि)

• tapaḥ: austerity; penance
• tapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative singular

• param: supreme
• param: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative singular; adverbial usage

• parataḥ: beyond; further; from beyond
• parataḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'from/than beyond, further'

• prāha: said; declared
• prāha: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra+ah (अह् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• param: supreme
• param: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative singular; adverbial usage

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative singular

• paramātmavān: possessed of the Supreme Self; having the Supreme Soul
• paramātmavān: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama-ātman-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); possessive suffix -vat (वत्) = 'having'; compound: parama + ātman

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative voice not indicated in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: jyotiryaḥ = jyotiḥ + yaḥ; brahman-like sandhi not present here. paramātmavān analyzed as parama-ātman-vat (tatpuruṣa base + -vat).

FAQs

What does this verse identify as the highest spiritual principle?

It points to the Supreme (param) as the ultimate reality—described as the highest light, the highest tapas, and as transcending even what is conceived as “beyond.”

How does the verse connect “light” (jyotiḥ) and “austerity” (tapaḥ)?

It treats both as scriptural descriptors of the same Supreme principle: jyotiḥ emphasizes illuminating consciousness, while tapaḥ emphasizes transformative spiritual power.

What is the ethical or practical lesson implied here?

Seek the Supreme not merely through descriptions or debate, but by becoming “paramātmavān”—grounded in inner realization and disciplined spiritual practice.