Shloka 5

Adhyaya 78 — Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

Sanskrit

इदं स्तोत्रवरं रम्यं श्रोतव्यं श्रद्धया नरैः । शिष्यॊ भूत्वा समाधिस्थो दत्त्वा देयं गुरोरपि ॥

Transliteration

idaṃ stotravaraṃ ramyaṃ śrotavyaṃ śraddhayā naraiḥ / śiṣyo bhūtvā samādhistho dattvā deyaṃ gurorapi

Translation

Этот превосходный и радостный гимн следует слушать людям, исполненным веры. Став учеником, утвердившись в собранности (самадхи) и поднеся учителю должное подношение, — тогда его следует принять (и передавать).

Word by Word

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन

• stotra-varam: the excellent hymn
• stotra-varam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: stotra (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (‘excellent hymn’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ramyam: beautiful
• ramyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying stotra-varam)

• śrotavyam: should be listened to
• śrotavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया; obligation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु) + tavya (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (Gerundive/तव्यत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate) ‘to be heard’

• śraddhayā: with faith
• śraddhayā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śraddhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन

• naraiḥ: by men/people
• naraiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd), बहुवचन

• śiṣyaḥ: a disciple
• śiṣyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन

• bhūtvā: having become
• bhūtvā: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययवत्; पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)

• samādhi-sthaḥ: abiding in samādhi
• samādhi-sthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (कृदन्त; स्था धातु)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (‘standing in samādhi’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of śiṣyaḥ)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययवत्; पूर्वक्रिया

• deyam: (what is) to be given (a gift)
• deyam: Karma (कर्म; thing to be given)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) + ya (कृत्-प्रत्यय; यत्/य)
• Form: कृदन्त (Gerundive; ‘to be given’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय

• guroḥ: of the teacher
• guroḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Genitive/Ablative, 6th/5th), एकवचन; अत्र षष्ठी (of the guru)

• api: also
• api: Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)

Speakers

• Textual injunction within the hymn context (presented as part of the stuti passage)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Supreme praised deity (contextual)

Key Themes

• Śraddhā (faith)
• Guru-śiṣya discipline
• Ritual propriety (dakṣiṇā/offerings)
• Transmission of sacred text

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sacred knowledge is not treated as casual information: it requires humility (discipleship), inner steadiness (samādhi-like attention), and ethical reciprocity (honoring the teacher).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Falls under Dharma/Ācāra (right conduct) rather than cosmological enumeration; it regulates how Purāṇic/Vedic praise is to be approached and preserved.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘guru’ principle can be read inwardly as the guiding intelligence (antar-guru). ‘Samādhi-stha’ suggests that the hymn bears fruit when heard with one-pointed awareness, not merely as sound.