Shloka 14

Adhyaya 77 — Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

Sanskrit

छायासंज्ञोवाच आकेशग्रहणाद् देवि ! आशापाच्च वचस्तव ।

करिष्ये कथयिष्यामि वृत्तन्तु शापकर्षणात् ॥

Transliteration

chāyasaṃjñovāca ākeśagrahaṇād devi! āśāpāc ca vacas tava / kariṣye kathayiṣyāmi vṛttāntaṃ śāpakarṣaṇāt

Translation

Чхая-Самджня сказала: «О Богиня, поскольку ты схватила меня за волосы и поскольку твои слова вселили надежду, я сделаю это — поведаю весь рассказ, возникший силою проклятия».

Word by Word

• छायासंज्ञः: Chāyāsaṃjña (named Chāyāsaṃjña)
• छायासंज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छायासंज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; छाया + संज्ञ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• आकेशग्रहणात्: from (the act of) seizing by the hair
• आकेशग्रहणात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकेशग्रहण (प्रातिपदिक; आ + केश + ग्रहण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

• देवि: O goddess
• देवि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• आशापात्: from (your) hope/expectation
• आशापात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आशापात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वचः: word(s)
• वचः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• करिष्ये: I shall do
• करिष्ये: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद

• कथयिष्यामि: I shall tell
• कथयिष्यामि: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; णिच् causative of कथ्)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• वृत्तम्: the account/event
• वृत्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषण-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• शापकर्षणात्: from the drawing/pulling (i.e., effect) of the curse
• शापकर्षणात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शापकर्षण (प्रातिपदिक; शाप + कर्षण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• Internal narration within Devi Mahatmyam: Chāyā-Saṃjñā speaking (as quoted in the story); overarching narrator is Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Chāyā (Saṃjñā/Shadow)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi addressed as ‘Devī’ (general Goddess; no specific epithet in this verse)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Karmic consequence (śāpa)
• Narrative disclosure under compulsion
• Devī as moral authority

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Speech becomes truthful and transformative when driven by accountability: the ‘force of a curse’ symbolizes moral causality (karma) that compels revelation and correction.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily not pancalakṣaṇa material; it is kathā (didactic narrative) embedded in the Purāṇic discourse rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Seized by the hair’ can signify the Devī’s śakti forcibly drawing the jīva out of concealment (chāyā = shadow/covering) into confession and clarity.