Shloka 54

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

Devanagari script

प्रशाम्य भरतश्रेष्ठ मा मन्युवशमन्वगा: । पित्र्यं तेभ्य: प्रदायांशं पाण्डवेभ्यो यथोचितम्‌

Transliteration

praśāmya bharataśreṣṭha mā manyuvaśam anvagāḥ | pitryaṁ tebhyaḥ pradāyāṁśaṁ pāṇḍavebhyo yathocitam ||

Translation

Вайшампаяна сказал: «Усмири себя, о лучший из Бхарат; не подпадай под власть гнева. Отдай им их отцовскую долю, как подобает, и даруй Пандавам часть, что им по праву причитается».

Word by Word

• प्रशाम्य: be calm; pacify yourself
• प्रशाम्य: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-शम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद

• भरतश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• भरतश्रेष्ठ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-श्रेष्ठ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• मा: do not
• मा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• मन्युवशम्: under the control of anger
• मन्युवशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु-वश
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अन्वगाः: you went/followed
• अन्वगाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (aorist), 2, singular, परस्मैपद

• पित्र्यम्: paternal; inherited (share)
• पित्र्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितृय (पित्र्य)
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, dative, plural

• प्रदाय: having given
• प्रदाय: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), active

• अंशम्: share; portion
• अंशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• पाण्डवेभ्यः: to the Pandavas
• पाण्डवेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: masculine, dative, plural

• यथोचितम्: as is proper; appropriately
• यथोचितम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-उचित

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bharata (dynasty)
• Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Anger must not govern decision-making; dharma requires giving others their rightful, inherited share—justice and propriety take precedence over resentment.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s tense pre-war context, the speaker urges a Kuru elder/prince addressed as “best of the Bharatas” to calm down and to allot the Pāṇḍavas their due paternal portion, aiming at a lawful settlement rather than escalation.