Shloka 20

उद्योगपर्व — गान्धारी-उपदेशः

Udyoga Parva — Gandhārī’s Counsel to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

शमे हि सुमहॉल्लाभस्तव पार्थस्य चोभयो: । न च रोचयसे राजन्‌ किमन्यद्‌ बुद्धिलाघवात्‌

Transliteration

śame hi sumahāṁllābhas tava pārthasya cobhayoḥ | na ca rocayase rājan kim anyad buddhi-lāghavāt ||

Translation

О царь! В мире и согласии заключена величайшая выгода и для тебя, и для Партхи (Юдхиштхиры). Но ты не одобряешь этого предложения — как назвать это иначе, кроме как легкомыслием и недостатком рассудительности?

Word by Word

• शमे: in peace/when peace is established
• शमे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• सुमहान्: very great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमहत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लाभः: gain/benefit
• लाभः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लाभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• पार्थस्य: of Partha (Yudhiṣṭhira/Arjuna; here Yudhiṣṭhira)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उभयोः: of both (of you two)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: उभ
• Form: Genitive, Dual

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रोचयसे: you approve/you like
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच्
• Form: Present, Second, Singular, Ātmanepada

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• किम्: what
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अन्यत्: other (thing)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• बुद्धि-लाघवात्: from/owing to lightness (shallowness) of intellect
• बुद्धि-लाघवात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि + लाघव
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pārtha (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• rājan (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Peaceful settlement is ethically and practically superior when it benefits both sides; rejecting such peace is portrayed as a failure of discernment and responsible kingship.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s negotiations before war, the speaker underscores that peace would greatly benefit both the king addressed and Pārtha (Yudhiṣṭhira), and criticizes the king’s refusal as intellectual shortsightedness.