Shloka 59

Devanagari script

राजेन्द्र! सभापर्व आरम्भ होनेपर ब्राह्मणोंको पूओं, कचौड़ियों और मिठाइयोंके साथ खीर भोजन कराये ।।

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

rājendra! sabhāparva ārambha honepara brāhmaṇoṃ ko pūoṃ, kacoṛiyoṃ aura miṭhāiyoṃ ke sātha khīra bhojana karāye ||

āraṇyake mūlaphalaiḥ tarpayet tu dvijottamān |

araṇīparva cāsādya jalakumbhān pradāpayet |

vanaparva meṃ śreṣṭha brāhmaṇoṃ ko phala-mūloṃ dvārā tṛpta kare; araṇīparva meṃ pahuṃcakara jala se bhare hue ghaṛoṃ kā dāna kare |

Translation

Вайшампаяна сказал: «О лучший из царей, когда начинается Сабха-парва (Sabhā-parvan), следует угощать брахманов кширой (рисовой кашей на молоке) вместе с жареными лепёшками, пирожками с начинкой и сладостями. В разделе Араньяка (Āraṇyaka) надлежит насытить лучших из дважды-рождённых лесными кореньями и плодами. А достигнув раздела Арани (Araṇī), следует раздать сосуды, наполненные водой. Так на каждом этапе дары и гостеприимство должны соответствовать месту и обстоятельствам, почитая учёных и поддерживая жизнь».

Word by Word

• आरण्यके: in the Āraṇyaka (forest) [parva/section]
• आरण्यके: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आरण्यक
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• मूलफलैः: with roots and fruits
• मूलफलैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूलफल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• तर्पयेत्: should satisfy / should gratify
• तर्पयेत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तु: but / and (emphatic)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• द्विजोत्तमान्: the best of the twice-born (excellent Brahmins)
• द्विजोत्तमान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विजोत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अरणीपर्व: the Araṇī-parva (a section named Araṇī)
• अरणीपर्व: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरणीपर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आसाद्य: having reached / upon arriving at
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√सद्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada

• जलकुम्भान्: water-pots (pitchers filled with water)
• जलकुम्भान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलकुम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रदापयेत्: should cause to be given / should donate
• प्रदापयेत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√दा (causative)
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (ṇic)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• rājendra (the king addressed)
• brāhmaṇas
• dvijottamāḥ
• Sabhā-parvan
• Āraṇyaka
• Vana-parvan
• Araṇī-parvan
• khīra
• mūla-phala
• jala-kumbha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches dharmic generosity: honor the learned (Brahmins) through appropriate hospitality and gifts, adapting one’s giving to the setting—rich foods in settled contexts, simple forest produce in wilderness, and life-sustaining water where it is most needed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana instructs a king on prescribed acts of feeding and donation associated with different parvan/sections—Sabhā, Āraṇyaka/Vana, and Araṇī—mapping ethical duties of support and reverence onto the progression of the epic’s contexts.